Muted Group Theory
The Muted Group Theory was developed by Kramarae. There was also some development between muted groups, from originally women, and the groups which have thoughts and communications which is counter to the public agenda or norms. In her theory, she greatly used metaphors of the internet, including information superhighway for the cost, new frontier for the atmosphere, democracy for increased expression, and global community for the possibility of interaction. It is decidely so, based on bias, that language often does not mean the same for everyone, or that it is equal for everyone. The dominant language is male, so everyone else is engaging in discorse.
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In her analysis of internet metaphors (which I blogged about as well), Kramarae argues that some metaphors are more inclusive than others. For example, global community encourages everyone's participation whereas new frontier tends to privilege men because of a darwinian emphasis on survival of the fittest or more courageous. New frontier emphasizes competition, which fits more with the skills boys learn in team sports. Global community emphasizes cooperation, which fits more with the skills girls learn in their play.
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